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On balance, the proof in the document doesn't prove that the investigation of Mr Çuvalci by the Prosecutor was opposite to the legislation of Turkmenistan or particularly aimed at depriving Claimants of their funding in Turkmenistan. Although it has remained considerably the same, the reduction sought in this Arbitration, has modified from the viewpoint of separating the claims to which Mr Çap and Sehil respectively could also be entitled. Thus, Mr Çap seems accountable the "Project Directors" for these actions, not the State or any State officials. The Tribunal finds that the imposition of the delay penalties does not amount to oblique expropriation of Claimants' funding for two primary reasons.
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Further, Claimants used revenue and profits earned from the tasks in Turkmenistan to invest in new and extra tools, to seek extra enterprise in Turkmenistan and to interact extra staff. • Claimants have additionally supplied several examples of how the State Contracting Parties abused Turkmenistan's authorized framework to order Sehil to undertake extra works. This was because of the change in representation of Claimant Muhammet Çap and Claimant Sehil in 2019. • Similarly, it is clear that the directive to apply delay penalties got here variously from the President, the Cabinet of Ministers, Supreme Control Chamber, and the Central Bank quite than the State Contracting Parties, and in any case the penalties have been imposed and not using a delay evaluation which Respondent's own consultants agree is mandated by business apply. Further, Claimants have additionally did not show that the any of alleged administrative acts and omissions done by Sehil's Contractual Counterparties had been directed, instructed or beneath the management of Turkmenistan. The Tribunal has thought of Mr Çuvalci's testament, the Bill of Indictment and the Court's decision lawyer istanbul, in addition to both Claimants' and Respondent's respective positions.

A month after Jaeschke's talks with Berdymukhammedov in February 2018, HRW sent a letter to Rohde & Schwarz asking if it had supplied -- or was contemplating supplying -- Turkmenistan with expertise that could be used to violate the rights of its residents.

Claimants additionally repeated their request that the representatives of La Française be allowed to attend the hearing, and suggested that they'd be willing to sign confidentiality undertakings to do so.

By e-mail of the identical date, ICSID knowledgeable the Parties that the extension had been granted. By e mail of 26 November 2015, Respondent requested an extension of the deadline till 2 December 2015 because of the Thanksgiving holidays within the United States. By an email despatched on to the Parties on 15 April 2015, Professor Hanotiau acknowledged for the document that he was not concerned with any work for Vannin, a third-party funder known as a potential supply of battle by Respondent in its letter of 10 April 2015. By e mail dated 10 September 2015, Respondent knowledgeable the Tribunal that it was unable to substantiate its acceptance of the proposed procedural calendar earlier than seeing arguments put forth in Claimants' Memorial on the Merits.

He has labored at the Technical Secretariat of Collegiate Bodies of OSIPTEL. He has been a member of the Administrative Law Research Workshop - TIDA of the UNMSM.
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Further, and in the light of the wording of Article II requiring for this de facto discrimination, the Tribunal just isn't persuaded by Claimants' argument that the MFN provision in Article II permits Claimants to increase the safety for traders supplied for within the BIT by importing provisions from different BITs to which one or different State is a Party. Claimants have failed to level out that Sehil's Contractual Counterparties, at all related times Turkish citizenship by investment, acted "on the instructions of, or underneath the direction or control of, that State in finishing up the conduct." The Tribunal agrees with Respondent that the bank possessed a sufficient diploma of autonomy and self-sufficiency that forestall it from being certified as a State organ. Turkmenistan requests that the Istanbul 6th Civil Court of Enforcement and the Istanbul third Bankruptcy Office shall bear in mind that arbitration proceedings are on-going and make their finest efforts to not take any decision on Turkmenistan's declare in Sehil's chapter till the Tribunal has issued its Award in the Arbitration. The presumption of autonomy ensuing from the bank's separate authorized personality is just reinforced by the articles of affiliation's provision that the bank was self-sustained and self-financed, and by the truth that the bank used its own funds and borrowed funds for financing the construction works under Contract No 36.
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When the events have given their consent, no get together may withdraw its consent unilaterally. The Tribunal is thus not persuaded that Claimants have conclusively demonstrated that the acts and omissions of Sehil's Contractual Counterparties, that aren't State organs, are attributable to the State pursuant to Article 8 of the ILC Articles. By letter dated 19 February 2016, Claimants requested that the Tribunal reconsider Respondent's request for Claimants to provide their funding settlement or explain why the disclosure of their complete third-party funding settlement was warranted in these proceedings. By letter of 15 November 2018, Respondent acknowledged that it did not object to the adjournment of the hearing however requested the Tribunal to rule on the "open questions that grasp over this case, together with separation of the claims as between the Claimants, and the pending requests for provisional measures". By letter of 1 May 2018, Mr Yıldız stated, on the premise of his 9 April 2018 energy of lawyer, that " been appointed because the consultant of the estate to symbolize […] in reference to all ongoing features of the ICSID arbitration proceedings and to perform judicial acts" and that he was "nonetheless the one and principal consultant of the bankruptcy estate." By letter of 25 April 2018, the Tribunal reiterated its request in its 5 April 2018 letter that Derains & Gharavi and Professor Dr Akıncı provide up to date powers of lawyer confirming they were nonetheless licensed to characterize Claimant Çap. In the circumstances of this case the Tribunal's conclusion is predicated on the next reasons.